Improve and expand AsyncCatcher

Log when the async catcher is tripped
  The chunk system can swallow the exception given it's all
  built with completablefuture, so ensure it is at least printed.

Add/move several async catchers

Async catch modifications to critical entity state
  These used to be here from Spigot, but were dropped with 1.17.
  Now in 1.17, this state is _even more_ critical than it was before,
  so these must exist to catch stupid plugins.

Co-authored-by: Jake Potrebic <jake.m.potrebic@gmail.com>

paper-server/src/main/java/org/bukkit/craftbukkit/CraftWorld.java

@@ -1755,6 +1755,7 @@ public class CraftWorld extends CraftRegionAccessor implements World {
 
     @Override
     public void playSound(Location loc, Sound sound, org.bukkit.SoundCategory category, float volume, float pitch, long seed) {
+        org.spigotmc.AsyncCatcher.catchOp("play sound"); // Paper
         if (loc == null || sound == null || category == null) return;
 
         double x = loc.getX();
@@ -1766,6 +1767,7 @@ public class CraftWorld extends CraftRegionAccessor implements World {
 
     @Override
     public void playSound(Location loc, String sound, org.bukkit.SoundCategory category, float volume, float pitch, long seed) {
+        org.spigotmc.AsyncCatcher.catchOp("play sound"); // Paper
         if (loc == null || sound == null || category == null) return;
 
         double x = loc.getX();
@@ -1798,6 +1800,7 @@ public class CraftWorld extends CraftRegionAccessor implements World {
 
     @Override
     public void playSound(Entity entity, Sound sound, org.bukkit.SoundCategory category, float volume, float pitch, long seed) {
+        org.spigotmc.AsyncCatcher.catchOp("play sound"); // Paper
         if (!(entity instanceof CraftEntity craftEntity) || entity.getWorld() != this || sound == null || category == null) return;
 
         ClientboundSoundEntityPacket packet = new ClientboundSoundEntityPacket(CraftSound.bukkitToMinecraftHolder(sound), net.minecraft.sounds.SoundSource.valueOf(category.name()), craftEntity.getHandle(), volume, pitch, seed);
@@ -1818,6 +1821,7 @@ public class CraftWorld extends CraftRegionAccessor implements World {
 
     @Override
     public void playSound(Entity entity, String sound, org.bukkit.SoundCategory category, float volume, float pitch, long seed) {
+        org.spigotmc.AsyncCatcher.catchOp("play sound"); // Paper
         if (!(entity instanceof CraftEntity craftEntity) || entity.getWorld() != this || sound == null || category == null) return;
 
         ClientboundSoundEntityPacket packet = new ClientboundSoundEntityPacket(Holder.direct(SoundEvent.createVariableRangeEvent(ResourceLocation.parse(sound))), net.minecraft.sounds.SoundSource.valueOf(category.name()), craftEntity.getHandle(), volume, pitch, seed);

paper-server/src/main/java/org/bukkit/craftbukkit/entity/CraftLivingEntity.java

@@ -534,6 +534,7 @@ public class CraftLivingEntity extends CraftEntity implements LivingEntity {
 
     @Override
     public boolean addPotionEffect(PotionEffect effect, boolean force) {
+        org.spigotmc.AsyncCatcher.catchOp("effect add"); // Paper
         this.getHandle().addEffect(org.bukkit.craftbukkit.potion.CraftPotionUtil.fromBukkit(effect), EntityPotionEffectEvent.Cause.PLUGIN); // Paper - Don't ignore icon
         return true;
     }

paper-server/src/main/java/org/spigotmc/AsyncCatcher.java

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ public class AsyncCatcher
     {
         if ( AsyncCatcher.enabled && Thread.currentThread() != MinecraftServer.getServer().serverThread )
         {
+            MinecraftServer.LOGGER.error("Thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " failed main thread check: " + reason, new Throwable()); // Paper
             throw new IllegalStateException( "Asynchronous " + reason + "!" );
         }
     }